Airports must maximize their revenue from a wide range of sources to operate successfully.

Potential revenue sources include:

• Airport charges
• Duty-free and tax-paid shopping income
• Rental income from airport terminal concessionaires and other airport    tenants
• Ground handling fees or concession revenues
• Parking fees
• Advertising etc.

Airport charges are usually regulated by the national Government or other independent body and may be subject to increases based on the Retail Price Index and other performance measurement standards. Concession revenue may large be dependent on the appropriate mix of shops and other terminal outlets and the formula for breaking down revenue between the airport operator and the concessionaire.

ASA's consultants have have extensive knowledge of these aspects of the airport's business and can provide advice to Governments, airport operators or to concessionaires.